<html><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div><div><div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 24px; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3" style="font-size: 22px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 20px; "><b>4-5-2007</b></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px;"><b><br></b></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><b><font size="1" color="black" face="Tahoma"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black; font-weight: bold; ">From:</span></font></b></span><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="black" face="Tahoma"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black; "> Dave Sevick [<a href="mailto:dave@davesevick.com" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline; ">mailto:dave@davesevick.com</a>] </span></font></span><font size="1" color="black" face="Tahoma"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Tahoma; color: black; "><br><span class="apple-style-span"><b><span style="font-weight: bold; ">Sent:</span></b> Thursday, April 05, 2007 6:59 PM</span><br><span class="apple-style-span"><b><span style="font-weight: bold; ">To:</span></b> <a href="mailto:npmug@davesevick.com" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline; ">npmug@davesevick.com</a></span><br><span class="apple-style-span"><b><span style="font-weight: bold; ">Cc:</span></b> <a href="mailto:O.Bergman@sheffield.ac.uk" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline; ">O.Bergman@sheffield.ac.uk</a></span><br><span class="apple-style-span"><b><span style="font-weight: bold; ">Subject:</span></b> Researcher at <st1:place u1:st="on"><st1:city u1:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Sheffield University</st1:city></st1:place></st1:city>, <st1:country-region u1:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">UK</st1:country-region></st1:country-region></st1:place> .... wants NPMUG members to participate in survey</span></span></font><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="3" color="black" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; "> </span></font></o:p><font size="3" color="black" face="Times New Roman"></font></span><font size="3" color="black" face="Times New Roman"></font><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="black" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; ">Dear Dave</span></font></span><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="#333333"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); ">,</span></font></span><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="#333333" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); "> </span></font></span><font size="2" color="black"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="#333333" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); ">My name is Ofer and I’m a researcher at <st1:place u1:st="on"><st1:city u1:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Sheffield University</st1:city></st1:place></st1:city>, <st1:country-region u1:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">UK</st1:country-region></st1:country-region></st1:place>. As part of an international research project we have developed a short Web survey regarding file retrieval for Macintosh users. I would like to ask </span></font></span><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="black"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; ">N P M U G</span></font></span><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="#333333"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); "> members to participate in it if they can. The link to the survey is </span></font></span><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><a href="http://www.surveymonkey.com/s.asp?u=474083573223" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline; "><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "><font size="1" color="#0022f5"><span style="-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 34, 245); ">http://www.surveymonkey.com/s.asp?u=474083573223</span></span></font></span></span></a></span></font><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="#333333"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); "> .</span></font></span><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="#333333" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); ">A few words about the survey:</span></font></span><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><ul type="disc" style="margin-bottom: 0pt; "><li class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="#333333" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); ">It’s very short – it contains only 17 questions and takes about 5 minutes to complete.</span></font></span><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p><font size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="#333333" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); ">It’s completely anonymous and confidential.</span></font></span><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p><font size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></li><li class="MsoNormal" style="color: black; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="#333333" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); ">It serves non-commercial, academic purposes only.</span></font></span><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p><font size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></li></ul><div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="#333333" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); "> </span></font></span><font size="2" color="black"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="black" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; ">We are depending on the good will of Mac users - without you we cannot do this research. Do you think that you could possibly forward this link to the N P M U G members?</span></font></span><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="black" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; "> </span></font></span><font size="2" color="black"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="black" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; ">Many thanks,</span></font></span><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="black" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; "> </span></font></span><font size="2" color="black"><span style="font-size: 11pt; color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="black" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; ">Dr. <st1:personname w:st="on">Ofer Bergman</st1:personname></span></font></span><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="black" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; ">Marie Curie Research Fellow</span></font></span><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="black" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; ">Information Studies Department, <st1:place u1:st="on"><st1:placename u1:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Sheffield</st1:placename></st1:place></st1:placename> <st1:placetype u1:st="on"><st1:placetype w:st="on">University</st1:placetype></st1:placetype></st1:place></span></font></span><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="black" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; ">Regent Court, <st1:place u1:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">211 Portobello Street, <st1:city u1:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Sheffield</st1:city></st1:city>, <st1:postalcode u1:st="on"><st1:postalcode w:st="on">S1 4DP</st1:postalcode></st1:postalcode>, <st1:country-region u1:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">UK</st1:country-region></st1:country-region></st1:place></st1:place></span></font></span><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="black" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; ">Email: </span></font></span><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><a href="mailto:O.Bergman@sheffield.ac.uk" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline; "><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "><font size="1" color="#0022f5"><span style="-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 34, 245); ">O.Bergman@sheffield.ac.uk</span></span></font></span></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></font><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="black" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; ">Tel: +44-(0)114-2226348</span></font></span><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="1" color="black" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; ">Fax: +44 (0) 114 278 0300</span></font></span><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p><font color="black"><span style="color: black; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="3" color="black" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size: 12pt; color: black; "><a href="http://ir.shef.ac.uk/people/ofer.htm" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline; "><span class="apple-style-span"><span style="-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "><font size="1"><span style="-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; ">http://ir.shef.ac.uk/people/ofer.htm</span></span></font></span></span></a><o:p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "></o:p><o:p></o:p></span></font></div></div><div><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><span class="apple-style-span"><font size="3" color="black" face="Times"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Times; color: black; "> </span></font></span></p></div></div><div>==============================</div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold; ">9-25-2008</span></div><div><br></div><div>On Sep 25, 2008, at 9:27 AM, Ofer Bergman wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type="cite"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: 'Lucida Grande'; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 0px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; "><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="2" color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy; ">Hi Dave,<o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="2" color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy; "><o:p> </o:p></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="2" color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy; ">More than a year ago you participated in our survey about retrieving files with Macs. Well I know it took a long time (that’s the way it usually is in science ;-) but now I can finally send you a pre-print of a paper which sums up the results. Please feel free to spread it to NPMUG members if you think that it might interest them + give me feedback of any sort.<o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="2" color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy; "><o:p> </o:p></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="2" color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy; ">Many thanks again,<o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="2" color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy; "><o:p> </o:p></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="2" color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy; ">ofer<o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="2" color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy; "><o:p> </o:p></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="2" face="Arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; ">Dr.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><st1:personname w:st="on">Ofer Bergman</st1:personname></span></font><o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="2" face="Arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; ">Marie Curie Research Fellow</span></font><o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="2" face="Arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; ">Information Studies Department,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placename w:st="on">Sheffield</st1:placename><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><st1:placetype w:st="on">University</st1:placetype></st1:place><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="2" face="Arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; ">Regent Court,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><st1:place w:st="on">211 Portobello Street,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><st1:city w:st="on">Sheffield</st1:city>,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><st1:postalcode w:st="on">S1 4DP</st1:postalcode>,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><st1:country-region w:st="on">UK</st1:country-region></st1:place><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="2" face="Arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; ">Email:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></font><font size="2" face="Courier New"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Courier New'; "><a href="mailto:O.Bergman@sheffield.ac.uk" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline; "><font face="Arial"><span style="font-family: Arial; ">O.Bergman@sheffield.ac.uk</span></font></a><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="2" face="Arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; ">Tel: +44-(0)114-2226348<o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="2" face="Arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; ">Fax: +44 (0) 114 278 0300</span></font><o:p></o:p></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="2" face="Arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; "><a href="http://ir.shef.ac.uk/people/ofer.htm" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline; ">http://ir.shef.ac.uk/people/ofer.htm</a></span></font><font size="2" face="Arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; "><o:p></o:p></span></font></div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; "><font size="2" color="navy" face="Arial"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: navy; "><o:p> </o:p></span></font></div></span></blockquote></div><br><div>==============</div><div><br></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="6"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 20px;"><b>Study Findings 2008</b></span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Tahoma" size="6"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 20px;"><b><br></b></span></font></div><div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 16px/normal Arial; ">Improved Search Engines and Navigation </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 16px/normal Arial; ">Preference in Personal Information Management </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 10px/normal Arial; ">OFER BERGMAN </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 10px/normal Arial; ">Sheffield University </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 10px/normal Arial; ">RUTH BEYTH-MAROM </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 10px/normal Arial; ">The Open University of Israel </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 10px/normal Arial; ">RAFI NACHMIAS AND NOA GRADOVITCH </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 10px/normal Arial; ">Tel Aviv University </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 10px/normal Arial; ">and </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 10px/normal Arial; ">STEVE WHITTAKER </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 10px/normal Arial; ">Sheffield University </div><p style="margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 10.0px Arial; min-height: 11.0px"> <br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></p><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Arial" size="2"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 10px;"><p style="margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 10.0px Arial; min-height: 11.0px"> <br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></p><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 10px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">________________________________________________________________________ </div><p style="margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 10.0px Times New Roman; min-height: 11.0px"> <br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></p><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 8px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">Traditionally users access their personal files mainly by using folder navigation. We evaluate whether recent </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 8px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">improvements in desktop search have changed this fundamental aspect of Personal Information Management </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 8px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">(PIM). We tested this in two studies using the same questionnaire: (a) The Windows Study - a longitudinal </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 8px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">comparison of <i>Google Desktop</i> and <i>Windows XP Search Companion</i>, and (b) The Mac Study - a large scale </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 8px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">comparison of Mac <i>Spotlight</i> and <i>Sherlock</i>. There were few effects for improved search. First, regardless of </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 8px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">search engine, there was a strong navigation preference: on average, users estimated that they used navigation </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 8px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">for 56-68% of file retrieval events but searched for only 4-15% of events. Second, the effect of improving the </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 8px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">quality of the search engine on search usage was limited and inconsistent. Third, search was used mainly as a </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 8px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">last resort when users could not remember file location. Finally, there was no evidence that using improved </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 8px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">desktop search engines leads people to change their filing habits to become less reliant on hierarchical file </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 8px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">organization. We conclude by offering theoretical explanations for navigation preference, relating to differences </div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; font: normal normal normal 8px/normal 'Times New Roman'; ">between PIM and Internet retrieval, and suggest alternative design directions for PIM systems. </div><p style="margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 9.0px Times New Roman; min-height: 10.0px"> <br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></p><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="'Times New Roman'" size="1"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 9px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; ">Full Report PDF</span></span></font></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" size="4"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 16px;"></span></font></div></span></font></div></div></body></html>